The research focuses on developing detailed models of cortical neurons from both human and mouse brains, aiming to uncover the relationship between the properties of individual neurons—their layers, complexity, and structure—and the computations they perform in processing synaptic inputs distributed across their dendritic trees. This work leverages high-resolution nanometric data and a large dataset of reconstructed neurons, made possible by the innovative “Connectomics” project. The findings shed light on how the smallest components of cortical neurons significantly and uniquely contribute to their computational capabilities.